Electricity and Circuits Vocabulary

⚡ Unit focus

Current, voltage, resistance, and circuits

This page follows the same vocabulary-coder structure and uses the electric-blue colour theme for Electricity.

🧭 Best way to use it

1. Read the vocabulary.
2. Open simple and scientific meanings.
3. Learn the symbols for circuit diagrams.
4. Review the equations.
5. Finish with the quick check.

🔁 Reset progress

✅ Success checklist

I can define charge, current, voltage, and resistance. I can explain electron flow and conventional current. I can state how ammeters and voltmeters are connected. I can explain series and parallel connections. I can use the main electricity equations.

🌍 Language Support

Selected: None

🔣 Circuit Symbols

Wire

Cell / Battery

Resistor

Variable Resistor

Lamp

Switch

Ammeter

Voltmeter

Wire

A conductor path connecting components.

Cell / Battery

Provides electrical energy to the circuit.

Resistor

Restricts the flow of current.

Variable Resistor

A resistor whose value can be changed.

Lamp / Bulb

Transfers electrical energy into light and heat.

Switch

Opens or closes the circuit.

Ammeter

Measures current and is connected in series.

Voltmeter

Measures voltage and is connected in parallel.

🔌 Current

I = \frac{Q}{t}

Symbol	Meaning	Unit
I	current	A
Q	charge	C
t	time	s

⚡ Ohm’s Law

V = I R

Symbol	Meaning	Unit
V	voltage / potential difference	V
I	current	A
R	resistance	Ω

💡 Electrical Power

P = I V

Symbol	Meaning	Unit
P	power	W
I	current	A
V	voltage	V

🧠 Compare Series and Parallel

Use the buttons to focus on series or parallel. The images below stay unchanged and fully visible.

🧵 Simple Series Circuit (2 Resistors)

Series Circuit Image

Series Circuit Diagram

R_{total} = R_{1} + R_{2}

I_{total} = I_{1} = I_{2}

V_{total} = V_{1} + V_{2}

In series there is only one path for charge flow, so the current is the same through every component. Resistance and voltage add.

🔀 Simple Parallel Circuit (2 Resistors)

Parallel Circuit Image

Parallel Circuit Diagram

\frac{1}{R_{total}} = \frac{1}{R_{1}} + \frac{1}{R_{2}}

I_{total} = I_{1} + I_{2}

V_{total} = V_{1} = V_{2}

In parallel the voltage across each branch is the same, current splits between the branches, and the total resistance becomes less than either branch resistance.

1. What is electric current?

2. An ammeter is connected...

3. A voltmeter is connected...

4. In a series circuit, the current is...